indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
December; twelfth month of the lunar calendar
fifth day of the month; five days
Saturday; earth; dirt; land; lands; earth (third of the five elements)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good humour (humor); good mood
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
ho-ho-ho (e.g. Santa Claus)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
overhead; above one's head; high in the sky
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
whirling; revolving; coiling around; winding around; working tirelessly; working hard
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to fly about; to skip about; to bustle about
while; during; while; although; all; both
loud laughter; roaring with laughter
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to die out; to peter out; to become extinct; to cease; to be stopped; to be discontinued
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
to stray from the right path; to go wrong; to go off the rails; to turn delinquent
pout; displeasure; ill humor; ill humour; sullenness
originally; by nature; from the start
sharp (blade); pointed; sharp (pain); stabbing; perceptive; keen
look (in someone's eyes); expression (of the eyes); eyes
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
suffix for familiar person
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then