December; twelfth month of the lunar calendar
twentieth day of the month; twenty days
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
once; for a short time; briefly; (arch.) one morning
eat-in-kitchen; combination kitchen-dining room; dropkick (rugby)
head office; main office; main shrine; this company; this shrine
to face; to go towards; to head towards
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rest; to suspend; to give relief
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
as (for); for; in the capacity of
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
number one; first; best; most; game; round
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
today and tomorrow; today or tomorrow; in a day or two; very soon
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
dismissal (from a post); discharge; removal
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
promptly; immediately; quickly; indifferently
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
now; soon; already; yet; further; more