quality; value; nature; inherent quality; logical quality
neglecting; ignoring; paying no attention to; superior to (e.g. a professional); outdoing; outshining
to lead (someone) by the nose; to twist (someone) around one's little finger
drug trafficking; dealing in illegal drugs
to come to realize; to become aware (of)
United Kingdom; Britain; Great Britain
China under the Qing dynasty; Qing China; Qing dynasty
at that time; in those days
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryō system)
(foreign) trade; (international) commerce; importing and exporting
outflow; effluence; efflux; outflow (of people, capital, etc.); drain (of gold, talent, etc. from a country); leak (e.g. of personal information)
to defend against; to protect against; to prevent; to avert; to avoid
besides; furthermore; on top of that; and yet; nevertheless; even so
to make a dent in one's purse; to have to pay out of one's own pocket
colony; (Japanese) settlement (in Brazil)
war of aggression; war of conquest
Arrow War (the second Opium War; 1856-1860)
religion; religious affiliation; belief; religious activity
fault; error; going poorly; being disadvantageous; un-; non-
way of using (something); way to use; how to use; way of handling (employees, subordinates, etc.); way of treating; treatment
Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods); medieval times; mediaeval times
present day; modern times; recent times; early modern period (in Japan, usu. from the Meiji Restoration until the end of World War II)
using freely; making full use of; having a good command of; working (someone) hard; driving (someone) on
each country; every country; various countries; all countries
theory; doctrine; opinion; view; rumour; rumor
to read (a book); to open (a book) to read; to unravel (e.g. a mystery); to discover (the truth)
example; illustration; precedent
discovery; detection; finding
stimulating; exciting; provocative
to swing; to sway; to shake; to waver; to feel shaken; to become unstable
suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly