indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
minute; micro; detailed; delicate; subtle
machine technology; mechanical technology
progress; advance; improvement; development
by means of; due to; because of; according to
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
illness; disease; bad habit; weakness; fault
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
conquest (of a difficulty, illness, handicap, etc.); overcoming; bringing under control; subjugation; victory over
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
machine; mechanism; instrument; appliance; apparatus
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to dance (orig. a whirling dance); to flutter about; to revolve
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
people; men and women; each person; everybody
infinity; infinitude; eternity; infinite; limitless
sorrow; grief; anguish; trouble; affliction; anxiety
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
rejoicing; glorification; exultation; celebration; enjoyment; singing praises
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
one's daily milieu; neighbourhood; neighborhood; zone of life; sphere of life
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement