axis; shaft; center; centre; stalk; stem
father; dad; husband; you; he
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tatami mat; Japanese straw floor coverings
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to grow long (e.g. hair, nails); to lengthen; to extend; to reach out; to hold out; to straighten; to smooth out
sumi; India ink; squid ink; octopus ink; carpenter's inking string
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
writing brush; paintbrush; writing with a brush; drawing with a brush; writing (composing text); the written word
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in addition; furthermore; above (which); on top of (which)
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to raise one's face; to lift one's head; to raise one's eyes
in this way; thus; such; uh...
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
scene; spectacle; sight; view
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
maid; helper; help; assistance
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
after that; afterwards; thereafter
two persons; two people; pair; couple
private pupil; apprentice
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)