order; item (of a budget revision, etc.); counter for go pieces; counter for surrounded positions (in go)
next; hypo- (i.e. containing an element with low valence); order; sequence
parched; dried-up; empty; hollow; rattling; clattering
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to make a sound; to give off a sound; to hear a sound
lottery; tombola; drawing
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
eight-sided shape; octagon
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn; to rotate; to pass around; to send around; to move (someone or something to where its needed); to send; to turn (to a new use)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
with a clatter; with a fling (opening a door, window, etc.); bright and clear (weather, sky, etc.); perfectly (fine weather); nicely dry (laundry, air, etc.); crisply (fried, cooked, etc.); cheerfully
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to spill over and fall; to scatter (petals, leaves, etc.)
with a glitter; with a sparkle; brand new; shiny and new
light; well-lit; bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; cheerful; bright; encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
bronze or copper (color, colour)
surface; face; outside; exterior; appearances; superficiality
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ten; 10; ten years of age
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa- nostalgic; old-fashioned
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to mince; to cut fine; to carve; to engrave; to tick away (time); to beat out (e.g. rhythm); to etch (into one's mind)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
treasure; picture of a treasure ship; money; cash
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
honorific/polite/humble prefix
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests