character (in a play, novel, film, etc.); dramatis personae
... years old; age (of) ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect (someone); to look after (e.g. an injured leg); to defend; to cover for; to stand up for; to stick up for
hunting; hunt; gathering (mushrooms, shellfish, etc.); picking (berries, fruit, etc.); hunting down (a criminal, etc.); rounding up (e.g. communists)
memento (esp. of a deceased person); keepsake; heirloom; remembrance; souvenir
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
(national) capital (city); metropolis
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to make a living; to earn a livelihood; to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing)
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
student (esp. a university student)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
flash of lightning; fire caused by lightning
research; study; investigation
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); canine; squealer; rat; loser; asshole
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
fetus; foetus; embryo; baby in the womb; unborn baby
nature (of a person); sex; gender; sex (i.e. sexual attraction, activity, etc.); gender; -ty
by means of; due to; because of; according to
by nature; by birth; naturally; natural; innate
weak (constitution); sickly; feeble; in poor health
brightness; discernment; insight; eyesight; vision; nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
music; gagaku; ceremonial Japanese court music
stranger; tramp; wanderer