illustration appearing in the first pages of a publication; frontispiece
text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter); this passage; this sentence
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
door (Western-style, car, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
condominium (usu. mid or high-rise); apartment building; apartment house; block of flats; apartment; flat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
corridor; hallway; passageway
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
in an instant; in a moment; immediately; suddenly; all of a sudden; all at once
thick with smoke, moisture or odor; hard to breathe (air)
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to be renewed; to change; to be improved; to be reformed; to stand on ceremony; to be formal
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
cool; refreshing; clear (e.g. eyes); bright; clear; distinct
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
calendar; calender (machine for flattening things)
in accordance with; according to; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
bag; satchel; briefcase; basket
to carry on one's back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for; to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something); to be conceited
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
second day of the month; two days
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure
flashiness; showiness; brilliance; bloom; flowers
stand; rack; support; holder; counter for machines, incl. vehicles; setting (e.g. in jewellery); level (e.g. price level)
senior high school (esp. the senior high school section of a school that also encompasses other grades)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
pardon; forgiveness; tolerance; leniency; mercy; going easy (on someone)