cold district; northern district
rice cultivation; rice crop
visit (from abroad); introduction (from abroad); importation
amount of precipitation; precipitation
southern part; the south (of a region)
Champa (former kingdom(s) in central Vietnam)
place of origin (of a plant or animal species, etc.); natural habitat; original home; place of origin (of manufactured goods)
extraordinarily; astonishingly; extremely; terribly; unreasonably; absurdly
food culture; dietary culture; cuisine
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
northern part; the north (of a region)
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
rice-based or centered diet (centred)
cold; coldness; chilliness
cold wind descending from the mountains; cold Pacific wind (in the Tōhoku region in summer)
to afflict; to torment; to harass; to molest
cold-weather damage (to crops)
to be damaged; to receive damage
very small amount; insignificant thing; negligible amount
technological development
stigma; dishonour; dishonor; infamy
to suffer; to receive (kindness, rebuke, support); to sustain (damage)
to be loath to; to balk at (doing); to grudge (doing); to take (good) care of
to hang down (from); to dangle; to be within one's reach; to dangle (before one's eyes); to be completely reliant on; to be entirely dependent on
My goodness!; Good lord!; Holy cow!
effect; efficacy; validity; potency
calabash (Lagenaria siceraria); bottle gourd; gourd (container); calabash
careful selection; careful screening; hand-picking
wood; lumber; (raw) material; stuff; talent; ability
instar (developmental stage of arthropods); age; years
strength; intensity; strong (e.g. glasses); powerful (e.g. lens); intense (e.g. fear)
November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar
fall season; autumn season
wild; violent; rough-mannered; rough (e.g. work); crude; coarse