ancient writing (i.e. Edo-period or older); classical literature; ancient Chinese character (pre-Qin period)
results; record; grades; marks
unable to compete with; not able to make a dent in (e.g. a problem); not able to get a solid hit in (e.g. in a fight); hard to chew
modern language; contemporary language; living language; modern Japanese; Japanese as spoken since the Meiji period or alternatively, since the end of World War II
difficult to understand; unintelligible; abstruse
to turn inside out; to turn the other way; to turn (something) over
spine (of book); binding (of book)
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
like everyone else; like most people; like an ordinary person; as much as anyone else
serious; earnest; real sword (as opposed to a wooden practice weapon)
to quicken; to speed up; to gather speed
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
careful; cautious; prudent; discreet; deliberate
to get mended; to be repaired; to return to normal; to recover (e.g. one's temper); to be corrected; to get put right; to come right
rather; sooner; preferably
arrogant; insolent; disdainful
wretched; miserable; shameful; mean; despicable; abject
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
with a start; in surprise; suddenly (realize, remember, etc.); all of a sudden; puffing (air); with a puff
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
to be bewildered; to be perplexed
fleeting (glimpse, glance, etc.)
title; subject; problem (on a test); question; counter for questions (on a test)
primary significance; primary importance; first principle; absolute truth; ultimate truth
behavioral principle; principle (value) governing one's conduct
cookie; biscuit; cookie (browser-related file sent from a WWW server)
three flat objects (sheets of paper, pieces of cloth, etc.); cutting a fish into two boneless fillets and a piece with the skeleton
one thin flat object; one sheet
two sheets (pieces) (of paper)
(one's) exclusive use; private use; dedicated use; use for a particular purpose; exclusive use (of particular products); using only (e.g. a certain brand)
practice; practising; experience
unicorn; narwhal; qilin (Chinese unicorn)
munching; crunching; scratching (an itch)