to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
summoning circle; magic circle (esp. in fictional settings); magic square
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
such; this sort of; like this
scenery; scene; landscape
remembrance; recollection; recognition
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa); yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata); Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus); printing block
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to make a speech; to address
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
well-known; noted; celebrated
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
addressing (someone) without using a suffix such as "-san" or "-chan" (considered impolite)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to talk; to chat; to chatter
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
polite language (e.g. masu, desu)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...