extending (e.g. a book); augmenting; enlarging; supplementing
edition; version; plate; block; editions of a publication
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preface; foreword; preamble
genealogy; lineage; family tree; pedigree
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
ozeki ranked wrestler unable to live up to the expectations of his rank
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to become famous; to go out into the world; to make one's way in the world; to appear
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one o'clock; once; at one time; for a time; for a while; a time
Euro-; euro (the currency)
Western Europe; the West; the Occident; Europe
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
arrival; coming (e.g. something awaited); advent
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
look; appearance; spectacle; sight; observation meditation; outlook on ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to present; to offer; to show; to display; to assume (e.g. a shape)
Soviet Union; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; USSR
increasingly; more and more; decreasingly (when declining); less and less
bureaucratization; bureaucratisation
by means of; due to; because of; according to
military force; military strength
reinforcement; augmentation; strengthening; increase; buildup
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored