deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
to climb over; to get over; to surmount; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake
sprout; shoot; bud; germinal disk (in an egg)
food (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat); provisions; rations; food supply
weariness; boredom; tedium; tiresomeness
basis; foundation; grounds; authority
natural features; topography; climate; spiritual features
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
apt to (do); liable to; predominantly; mostly; ... reaps the rewards; ... takes the prize
foreign; imported; outpatient; outpatient care; outpatient clinic
word of Japanese origin; native Japanese word
translation; deciphering; decoding; translation
that's the way it is; such is life
fifth month of the lunar calendar; satsuki azalea (Rhododendron indicum)
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
rice-planting song; rice planters' song
characteristic way of speaking
preparing a rice field for planting by flooding it and tilling the soil
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
cord used to tuck up the sleeves of a kimono; sash (worn across chest, e.g. by election candidate or relay runners); wrapper band on books, CDs, etc.
compound word; compound term
(some) more; even more; longer; further
Koshihikari (variety of rice)
prime of life; era of national prosperity
exactly; precisely; just; as if; as though; quite
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
The Narrow Road to the Deep North (chronicle by Matsuo Basho, published in 1702)
Kokin Wakashū (Heian period collection of poetry)
accent (of one's speech); dialect; provincialism; corrupted form (e.g. of word); mispronunciation
obi; kimono sash; paper wrapper on books, CDs, etc.; band; belt; cingulum
to tie; to fasten; to wear (necktie, belt); to put on; to total; to sum; to be strict with
covering for the back of the hand and wrist
farming implement; small noh accessory
to make even; to make smooth; to make level; to average
to learn; to acquire knowledge; to carry; to wear (clothes, etc.); to put on
young man; young woman; young people; young employee; young manservant; young follower
pattern; design; body build; figure; essential qualities; character
showy; loud; gay; flashy; gaudy