first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
lifespan; life; lifetime; life (of a battery, lightbulb, etc.); service life; end of an object's (useful) life
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at the most; at best; to the utmost; as much as possible; as much as one can
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competition in which there are several evenly matched participants; hotly contested game (match, market, etc.)
whole life; a lifetime; all through life; (the only, the greatest, etc.) of one's life
exceedingly; extremely; decisively
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
one passage; one paragraph; one stanza; one verse; one section (of a piece of music); one syllable
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
lower heavens (esp. the heaven of the Four Heavenly Kings, the lowest of the six heavens of the desire realm); heaven of enjoying emanations
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
than; in comparison to; rather than; over; above
time; hour; period; class
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
strange; odd; peculiar; weird; bizarre; unusual
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
modern person; people of today
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to one's heart's content; as much as one likes; without reserve; freely; to the full
to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to look forward to
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan