hardening; fortifying; pledge; vow; defense; defence
foreign enemy; outside invader
to stop; to prohibit; to forbid someone to do something
archer's left-wrist protector
Empress Gemmei; Gemmei Tenno (661-721 CE, reigning: 707-715 CE)
improvisation; improvised; impromptu; extempore
in order; sequential; seriatim
barrier; checkpoint; checking station
honorific added to names of makuuchi and juryo division wrestlers
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); -ing
at some point in the past; at some stage
folk songs; regional ballads
national customs and manners; provincial song or ballad; waka (classical Japanese poetry, as opposed to Chinese poetry)
sillago (any fish of genus Sillago, esp. the Japanese whiting, Sillago japonica)
to imitate; to follow; to emulate
ahead; further on; beyond (this place); before this; prior to this; earlier
director; executive; officer; official; person in charge
clear (distinction); distinct; clear-cut; sharp
sieve; sifter; screen; screening (jobs, candidates, etc.)
part; assigning (allotment of) parts; role; duties
(your) business; (your) concern; (customer's) order; official business (of the government, Imperial Court, etc.); arrest; capture
to step aside; to move (i.e. out of the way); to make way
(arch.) divining; (arch.) telling a fortune; (arch.) predicting; choosing; settling; fixing
route; course; path; one's future course (e.g. after graduating high school)
to see; to look; to watch
enclosure; fence; storage (of fruit, vegetables, etc.); partitioned area of a room for conducting tea ceremonies; mistress; castle
something used to cover the eyes; blindfold; blinder; concealing one's home such that the interior cannot be seen from outside
to peel; to skin; to pare
having done this; if this is done; if it is done in this way
wood (for building); lumber; timber
article for sale; goods for sale; offering; specialty; selling point
former; ex-; earlier times; the past; formerly; previously
manure; night soil; dung; fertiliser; fertilizer
to decorate; to ornament; to display; to exhibit; to mark (e.g. the day with a victory); to adorn (e.g. the front page)
lower reaches (of a river); bottom; lower part; lower half (of the body, esp. the privates); feces (faeces); end
august (in ref. to the emperor or the gods); imperial; divine
paralysis; palsy; numbness; stupor
to pile up; to form into a (huge) pile
to sit; to squat; to be implicated