substantial; real (as opposed to nominal)
cultivating new land; clearing; reclamation
direct connection; direct link
raw materials; ingredients
to need; to demand; to take; to require
belonging; ascription; attribution; reversion; return; restoration
to accompany; to go hand in hand with; to be consequent upon; to be accompanied by; to bring with; to take with
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
steamship; steamboat; steamer
coal mine; (coal) pit; colliery; coal-mine shaft
discovery; detection; finding
main cause; primary factor
indicates means of action; cause of effect; by
to be foolish; to be stupid; to be ridiculous
loan; lending; favor; favour; creditor; method of lending
wasteful person; spendthrift
possessiveness; desire to monopolize (monopolise); desire for control
take the opportunity to (do something else)
to stop; to stay (e.g. the night); to contain; to keep (in position, in place); to record (e.g. a fact); to retain
Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods); medieval times; mediaeval times
system; organization; organisation; imperial command; laws; regulation
colony; (Japanese) settlement (in Brazil)
day laborer; day labourer
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
quickly; calmly; intently
artificial; man-made; human work; human skill; artificiality
single word; a few words; brief comment
from the place (where); from the fact that ...; caused by the fact that ...; because
to be erected; to be built
hostile relations; hostile relationship
big landowner; great landowner; land baron; landed magnate; large landowner; territorial magnate
absorption; suction; attraction