advance (e.g. of Japanese exports) into overseas markets
Annam (old name for Vietnam)
business affairs of a company; clerical business of a Shinto shrine
looking over; glancing through
Ayuthaya (Thailand); Ayutthaya
around sixty (years of age)
suburb; residential area on the outskirt of a city; commuter belt
late autumn (fall); (arch.) ninth month of the lunar calendar
early winter; tenth month of the lunar calendar
north wind; northerly wind
south wind; southerly wind; (arch.) summer
partner country; other country (in a dispute, arrangement, etc.); opponent (country)
residing (esp. abroad); staying; living
dweller; inhabitant; resident; user (of a website)
flight from one's country; seeking asylum; defection; emigration (for political reasons); (going into) exile; becoming a (political) refugee
viceroy; governor-general
replenishment; supplementation; supplement; replacement; refilling
friendship; goodwill; friendly relations; amity
currency issued by a feudal clan
establishment; opening; setting up; inauguration
Ginza (shopping district in Tokyo); (Edo period) silver mint
monetary system; currency system
to make up a shortfall; to cover a shortage; to compensate for a shortage; to fill a gap
large size (paper, book, etc.); ōban; large oval gold coin used in the Edo period
ichibukin; Edo-period rectangular gold coin worth a quarter ryō
god of wealth; (arch.) monk's wife
righteousness; justice; right
Edo period silver coin shaped like a sea cucumber