indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
seed leaves (of a dicot); cotyledons; bud; early stages; very beginning
consultation; discussion; conference; collusion; bid-rigging
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
tuna (edible fish, Thunnus spp.); tunny; Pacific bluefin tuna (edible fish, Thunnus orientalis); dead lay; starfish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
robot; (mere) puppet; pawn; figurehead
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
please (give me); please (do for me)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
general; admiral; head; chief; old chap; mate
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
surgery; operation; procedure; skill with one's hands; sleight of hand