new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
taking a quantity (of time, people, etc.); similar to ...; dependent on ...; reliant on ...; while ...; when ...
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
river; stream; River; the ... river
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leak out (a secret); to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to be found out; to get away (of fish)
a matter for the police; a brush with the law
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be crushed; to be smashed; to become useless; to cease functioning; to go bankrupt; to go out of business
mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger); hollyhock
blue; azure; green; pale; gray; unripe
report; notification; tip; message (in information and communication theory)
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am; older girl
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do