indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
haze (esp. in spring); mist; dimness (of sight)
suffix for familiar person
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
flurry of snow in a clear sky; winter wind which brings scattered snowflakes or raindrops; skin eruptions cause by a cold or fever
shuriken; small throwing blade; throwing star
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
yuki-onna (spirit in Japanese folklore); snow woman
approximation; having a close resemblance
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
envious; jealous; enviable (position, etc.)
ninja; person trained in ninjutsu and employed for covert purposes in feudal Japan
dawn (sometimes esp. in ref. to the 16th day of the lunar month onward)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
all present; all concerned; all of us