star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
burr (e.g. on a machined edge)
Bolu (Turkey); Bor (Russia)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
wedge; chock; linchpin; tie; bond
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
to drive in (e.g. nail, stake); to hammer in; to hit (a ball, etc.); to drive; to fire into (e.g. a crowd); to launch (e.g. missiles); to input (data)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
three (long cylindrical things); three-of-a-kind (in a dealt hand)
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
clothing; dressing; binding (of a book)
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to collect; to assemble; to gather
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that