indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
or something; for instance ... (though there are other suitable options); ... or ...; as soon as; right after; while still
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
Mach (number); (at a) fast speed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
I; me; self-centered man; egotistical man; pompous man
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
adds force or indicates command
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
harm; injury; evil (influence)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)