program (e.g. TV); programme
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
entry (on stage); appearance (on screen); entrance; introduction (into a market)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture
d button; data button; button on a TV remote control for accessing programme information, weather, traffic, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
point (of a story, argument, etc.); point (e.g. in stock exchange movement); percentage point; switch; points; point; site
to amass; to accumulate; to store; to leave unpaid
present; gift; to give a present or gift
getting (something); obtaining; scoring (goal, point, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
(ancient) Japan; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture)
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
repulse; repelling (e.g. the enemy); driving back
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
another meeting; meeting again; reunion
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous