indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
Leo (constellation); the Lion
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
qualifications; requirements; capabilities
all present; all concerned; all of us
supermarket; subtitles; telop; superheterodyne; super
pirate; sea robber; buccaneer; freebooter
(ancient) Japan; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
fidelity; honour; honor; chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
adds force or indicates command
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah