indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Leo (constellation); the Lion
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
fidelity; honour; honor; chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
suffix for familiar person
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
adds force or indicates command
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
bomb; alcohol with liquor added (esp. wine-based shōchū highball, also beer with whiskey)
all present; all concerned; all of us
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
explosion; detonation; eruption; eruption (of discontent, etc.); outburst; outpouring
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality