congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
genuine article; real thing; real deal
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to replace; to exchange; to interchange; to substitute
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
small; little; tiny; insignificant; humble; modest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
dimension; perspective; point of reference; level (of something)
door; gate; opening; title page
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you