suffix for familiar person
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to yearn for (someone, something); to miss
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
danger; peril; hazard; risk
to move forward; to move on
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
state; state of affairs; appearance; look; sign; indication
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
how; in what way; how about
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
invention; intelligent; clever; (arch.) making sense (of something); (arch.) understanding
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
feeling obliged; being grateful; being thankful; (arch.) shrinking back in fear
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
I; me; self-centered man; egotistical man; pompous man
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
similarly; same (idea); same (name)
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
even though; despite; when