program (e.g. TV); programme
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force or indicates command
d button; data button; button on a TV remote control for accessing programme information, weather, traffic, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to hit; to expose; to apply (e.g. patch); to put on; to allot; to call on someone (e.g. in class); to guess (an answer)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
point (of a story, argument, etc.); point (e.g. in stock exchange movement); percentage point; switch; points; point; site
to amass; to accumulate; to store; to leave unpaid
present; gift; to give a present or gift
getting (something); obtaining; scoring (goal, point, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
lucky; nice!; score!; bingo!
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
all present; all concerned; all of us
ding (of a bell); bing; honk (i.e. sound of blowing one's nose); snort; heating in a microwave; cooking in a microwave
commandant; commanding officer; general
myself; yourself; I; me; you
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
curtain raising; starting (e.g. play, concert)
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
lion; left-hand guardian dog at a Shinto shrine
seat; place; position; status; gathering; party; stand
system; lineage; corollary; system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period); (taxonomical) series
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
stronghold; inner citadel; base; headquarters