battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
than; from; out of; except; but; more
honorific/polite/humble prefix
chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
plate; dish; serving; helping; kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one thin flat object; one sheet
two sheets (pieces) (of paper)
three flat objects (sheets of paper, pieces of cloth, etc.)
counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper); (arch.) counter for positions or roles; (arch.) counter for food portions (now only gyōza and soba); counter for ranking level
frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitterly) disappointed; bitter; vexed
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to divide; to cut; to halve; to break; to crack; to dilute; to fall below
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
all present; all concerned; all of us
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
hey!; wait a minute!; whoa!; boohoo; waaaa
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
not a chance; not likely; oh no; yuck; fault; defect
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
prudence; judgement; sense; discipline; care; control
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adds force or indicates command
O-Bon; Obon; Bon Festival; tray
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!