battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
bottom; sole; depths (e.g. of despair, the sea); bottom (of one's heart); limit; end
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
honorific/polite/humble prefix
chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
plate; dish; serving; helping; kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one (thin, flat object); one sheet
two sheets (of paper or other flat objects)
three flat objects (sheets of paper, pieces of cloth, etc.)
counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins); counter for portions of gyōza or soba; counter for ranks; counter for wrestlers of a particular rank; counter for fields or rice paddies; counter for palanquin bearers
frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitterly) disappointed; bitter; vexed
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to divide; to cut; to halve; to break; to crack; to dilute; to fall below
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
all present; all concerned; all of us
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
hey!; wait a minute!; whoa!; boohoo; waaaa
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
not a chance; not likely; no way; oh no; yuck; eew
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
prudence; judgement; sense; discipline; care; control
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
Obon; Bon Festival; Buddhist festival for honouring the spirits of one's ancestors, held in mid-August or in some regions, mid-July; tray
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
ghost story; tale of the supernatural
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!