indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
group; party; team; squad; section
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
base; basis; base (e.g. military); depot; base; base bag
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
standing by; awaiting an opportunity; being on alert
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval
work-in-progress; working state
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
picking up trash; collecting garbage
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
rubbish; trash; garbage; refuse
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
gold mine; treasure trove; golconda; (lit.) mountain of treasures
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
glass (drinking vessel); glass (material); glasses (eyewear)
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
no, not like that (but like this)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
commandant; commanding officer; general
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
I see; that's right; indeed