all present; all concerned; all of us
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rock-paper-scissors (game); janken
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
lottery; raffle; drawing (of lots)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
present; gift; to give a present or gift
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
broadcasting; broadcast; program; announcement
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
application; subscription; entry (competition, raffle, etc.); enlistment
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
now available (e.g. for sale); now showing (e.g. film, exhibition)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
lightning; flash of lightning; lightning bolt
finally; at last; ultimately; in the end
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
source; origin; cause; beginning; genesis
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)