terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
vitality; (one's) life force
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
life; existence; (one's) working life; career; life force; lifeblood
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
artificial; man-made; human work; human skill; artificiality
cell; cell (in an organization, esp. a communist party)
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
really; truly; indeed; good grief
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat); to be very drunk
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
complete; completion; perfection; accomplishment
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
adds force or indicates command
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
cultivation; nurture; culture
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
really; very; extremely; (not) anything; (not) at all; (not) a bit
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
room; wife (of someone of high rank); scabbard; Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care