indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sky; air; ether; firmament; the heavens
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
to revive; to come to oneself; to be restored to life
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
Kamen Rider (TV series, the titular character)
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to collect; to assemble; to gather
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
counter for articles; counter for military units; individual
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
time; hour; period; class
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
day of month; counter for days
light; illumination; glow; lamp; light
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
another (person); the other person; one more (person)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
belt (waist, seat, etc.); strap; belt; zone; drive belt; machine belt
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
suffix for familiar person
essential; important; crucial; vital; main
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity