indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
going out (of a nobleman, etc.); visiting
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to revive; to come to oneself; to be restored to life
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
sky; air; ether; firmament; the heavens
Alan (member of an ancient Scythian people)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
adds force or indicates command