indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
Alan (member of an ancient Scythian people)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; (arch.) that's right
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
perfect; complete; flawless
(one's) older brother; young man; sonny; lad
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
suffix for familiar person
going out (of a nobleman, etc.); visiting
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
adds force or indicates command
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
I; me; myself; (arch.) we; (arch.) us; (arch.) ourselves