the sun; god of heaven and the earth; laws governing the heavens; celestial path; celestial motion; deva realm (svarga); path in the heavens
whole; all; general; gross; entire; overall
(arch.) office; (arch.) official; chief; head; (Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa) person (usually a woman) whose duty it is to officiate at religions ceremonies
machine; mechanism; instrument; appliance; apparatus
voice; speech; sound of a voice; sound (e.g. of a TV)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
(arch.) eastern Japan (esp. Kamakura or Edo, from perspective of Kyoto or Nara); (arch.) eastern provinces; (arch.) east; wagon; yamatogoto
belt (waist, seat, etc.); strap; belt; zone; drive belt; machine belt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
very interesting; of great interest
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
helmet (of a warrior); headpiece
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow (a person); to accompany; to go alongside (e.g. a river); to follow (e.g. a sign)
please (give me); please (do for me)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
just like that; quite so; I agree; (lit.) that street