indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
machine; mechanism; instrument; appliance; apparatus
voice; speech; sound of a voice; sound (e.g. of a TV)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
metamorphosis; disguise; transformation; shapeshifting; morphing
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
in that way; thus; so; so?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
suffix for familiar person
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
(police) detective; criminal matter
the sun; god of heaven and the earth; laws governing the heavens; celestial path; celestial motion; deva realm (svarga); path in the heavens
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force or indicates command
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she