indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
first month of the lunar calendar; January
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
voice; speech; sound of a voice; sound (e.g. of a TV)
Kamen Rider (TV series, the titular character)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
cheers; bottoms-up; toast; drink (in celebration or in honor of something); drinking one's glass dry
metamorphosis; disguise; transformation; shapeshifting; morphing
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately