Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
how; in what way; by what means
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
in that way; thus; so; so?
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light