famous sword; sword blade by Masamune; sake; Japanese rice wine; brand of sake from Nada region during Tenpō era (1830-1844)
start; beginning; starting (e.g. a race); departing; starting point
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
you (plural); all of you; you all
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to apply for; to make an application; to propose (marriage); to offer (mediation); to make an overture (of peace); to challenge
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to destroy; to break (by striking); to smash; to ruin (a plan, atmosphere, etc.); to spoil; to wreck
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
mirror; looking-glass; barrel head; page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.; mirror-shaped mochi
(medical) treatment; care; therapy; cure; remedy
maximum preference; maximum priority; priority handling
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come true (of a dream, wish, etc.); to be realized; to be fulfilled; to be granted; to be answered (of a prayer); to be requited (of love)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of