indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
metamorphosis; disguise; transformation; shapeshifting; morphing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level