ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
please (give me); please (do for me)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
second month of the lunar calendar
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
letter; missive; note; mail
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
properly; accurately; exactly; neatly; tidily; orderly
to catch; to stop the blow; to react to; to take (advice, etc.); to accept
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
manners; courtesy; etiquette
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
height; acme; extremity; end; limit
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
infinity; infinitude; eternity; infinite; limitless
to hide; to keep to oneself
mystery; mysteriousness; secret
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
young man; young woman; young people; youth; youngsters
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)