indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
satoshi (0.00000001 of a bitcoin)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications
radio (communication); wireless; not using wires
a line; a streak; one item (in an itemized form); one clause; one matter (affair, event, case, incident); (arch.) the same logic
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in that way; thus; so; so?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such