indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument); to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe and humor (humour)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
acting rashly; running wildly; runaway (process); reckless baserunning
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to erase; to delete; to turn off (power); to switch off; to extinguish; to put out
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
honorific/polite/humble prefix
bad (taste); unpalatable; poor; unskillful; ugly; unattractive
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
these guys; these fellows
to tidy up; to put in order; to settle (problem); to clear (dispute); to finish; to bring something to an end
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
promptly; immediately; quickly; indifferently
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
older sister; lass; young lady
was it?; I think it was ...; if I've got it right; (I, we) used to ...; I remember ...; it was ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)