winning a prize; receiving an award; being awarded
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
great joy; delight; jubilation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
all present; all concerned; all of us
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
memories; recollections; reminiscence
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
wonderful; splendid; magnificent; exceeding; incredible; remarkable
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
farewell; adieu; goodbye; so long
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
enjoyment; pleasure; amusement; anticipation; looking forward to; something to look forward to
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Kaga (former province located in the south of present-day Ishikawa Prefecture)
rock (in rock-paper-scissors); stone; ungh; gulp; rumbling (of an empty stomach); growling
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
sorry; excuse me; thank you
gar (any fish of family Lepisosteidae); garfish; garpike
to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble
clapping hands; applause; clapping one's hands in prayer (at a shrine)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
oh; oh my; oh dear; well, ...; er ...; why, ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few