town order (Edo period); order issued by a shogun or daimyo affecting a whole town, and passed on by town officials
Tokugawa Ienari (1773.11.18-1841.2.20), Shougun 1786-1837
floriculture; flower gardening; floriculturist
Mino paper (var. of Japanese paper)
to get jealous; (lit.) to grow horns
Tempo Reforms (series of government measures, 1841-1843 CE)
mischievous boy; troublemaker; pesky kids
seafood grilled without seasoning; unglazed ceramic ware
right or wrong; good or bad; quality; having both merits and demerits; having both advantages and disadvantages
poem or song written by the emperor
empty lot; vacant plot of land
chasing down; pushing down; deposing; sacrificing to create a shortage of liberties, then capturing (in the game of go)
rude person; villain; blackguard; scoundrel; rogue; libertine
to be anxious or concerned about; to ponder (anxiously); to investigate; to consider; to pat; to rub
near; close; beside; attendant; retainer; vassal
law and order; discipline
Qing dynasty (China, 1644-1912); Ch'ing dynasty; Manchu dynasty
to be conspicuous; to attract public attention
seat of honor; seat of honour; head of the table; head
enforcement of official discipline; tightening of discipline; eliminating corruption among government officials
early blooming; early flowering
room detached from main house
lacking a role; lacking a post; lacking a position; duty-free; tax-free
Hōgen era (1156.4.27-1159.4.20)
musical instrument; music; accompaniment instruments used in kabuki (excluding the shamisen)
(arch.) person of high rank; (arch.) nobleman; wife of a nobleman
millennium; one thousand years; (fig.) long time
(practice of) simplicity and frugality; scrimping and saving
exactly; just; punctually; exactly on time; clearly delineated (of boundaries, etc.)
Kyōhō era (1716.6.22-1736.4.28)
to fall into another's hands
to wish (for); to pray (for); to hope (for); to pray silently; to recite (Buddha's name, sutras, etc.) in one's mind; to chant (a silent prayer)