to forbid; to ban; to prohibit; to suppress (a feeling, laughter, etc.); to hold back (e.g. tears)
affair; state; verdict; sentence; directions; orders
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
details; particulars; everything; every last detail
to do; to perform; to carry out; (arch.) to serve; (arch.) to wait upon; (arch.) to attend
border; boundary; turning point; watershed; area; region
member of shogun's council of elders
seat of honor; seat of honour; head of the table; head
(political) power; authority; influence
grasping; seizing; holding; commanding; having control over
deceased; late; dead; departed
(social) position; status; standing; position (in a company, organization, etc.); post; rank
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
Kyōhō era (1716.6.22-1736.4.28)
Kansei era (1789.1.25-1801.2.5)
reform; reformation; reorganization
model; (good) example; exemplar; model handwriting; model drawing; copybook
(practice of) simplicity and frugality; scrimping and saving
to work hard; to try hard; to strive; to endeavour; to endeavor; to devote oneself to
law and order; (official) discipline
strict crackdown on and elimination of misconduct; strict enforcement of discipline
which; where; all; both; anyway; anyhow
carefully; closely; very; extremely; have no choice; cannot be helped
to know; to understand; to (understand and) accept (a responsibility); to have a knowledge of (a skill, art, etc.); to have a command of
together; mutually; reciprocally; adds a nuance of solemnity or formality
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
chief vassal; senior statesman
Tempō Reforms (series of government measures; 1841-1843)
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
after this; from now on; hereafter; thereafter; since (then); after
playhouse; theatre; theater
moving; relocation; change of address; transfer (of deeds, property, etc.); demise
entertainment hall (for rakugo, manzai, magic, music, etc.); vaudeville theater (theatre); music hall
cut; reduction; curtailment
highly priced; expensive; valuable; costly