emergency early warning (cellphone, email, etc.); emergency alert
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
assault; outrage; act of violence; rape; sexual assault
incident resulting in injury
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
every place; various places
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
large number (of); many; majority
witnessing; observing; sighting
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
victim; injured party; sufferer
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
same; similar; (just) like; equal
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
action of making something; -ification
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
brake; drag; skid; restraint; curtailment; self-imposed limit
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
subterranean rumbling; earth tremor
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to get flustered; to get flurried; to get agitated; to become impatient; to hurry
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
going to work; leaving for work; attendance (at work); being at work; presence (in the office); reporting for work