this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
(non-documentary) television series; TV drama; teledrama; drama; dramatic incident; spectacle
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
young motorcycle-riding delinquents; bōsōzoku
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
poverty-stricken; destitute; poor; penurious
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
deviation value (usu. scaled to mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and often used for academic grades); deviation; T-score; standard score
fallen scraps; scatterings; leftovers; remainder; student who cannot keep up in school; dropout (from school, society, a movement, etc.)
senior high school student
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
academic meritocracy; education-conscious society; society that places (excessive) emphasis on academic records
highest peak; highest mountain; greatest authority; most prominent person; pinnacle (e.g. of art)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
passing university entrance exams in the last year of high school (instead of failing then taking gap year(s))
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
being deeply moved emotionally; excitement; passion; inspiration; deep emotion; strong impression
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
dialogue; discussion; conversation; interaction
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
tension; mental strain; nervousness
how; in what way; how about
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
truth; reality; seriousness; logical truth; printed style writing; star performer
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very