Fukuyama Masaharu (1969.2-)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
enthusiast; mania; enthusiasm
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
please (give me); please (do for me)
clear weather; fine weather; formal; ceremonial; cleared of suspicion
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to be needed; to be wanted
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to follow; to come along with one; to accompany
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
on good terms with; on cordial terms with; getting along well with; to make friends with; to be good friends with; to get along with